{"id":9787,"date":"2017-10-30T08:51:06","date_gmt":"2017-10-30T01:51:06","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-06-07T16:12:17","modified_gmt":"2024-06-07T09:12:17","slug":"cai-dat-ftp-server-don-gian-tren-centos-voi-proftpd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vnso.vn\/en\/cai-dat-ftp-server-don-gian-tren-centos-voi-proftpd\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t FTP Server \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n tr\u00ean CentOS v\u1edbi ProFTPD"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng khi c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lu\u00f4n sFTP. Tuy \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 transfer th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi giao th\u1ee9c FTP truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n coi tr\u1ecdng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0<strong>ProFTPD<\/strong>\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o FTP Server.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t FTP Server v\u1edbi ProFTPD<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">_ Ch\u00fang ta c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ProFTPD n\u1eb1m trong Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL) repository.<\/p>\n<pre># yum install epel-release -y\r\n# yum install proftpd -y\r\n<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ProFTPD \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed3i, l\u01b0u t\u1ea1i:\u00a0<code>\/etc\/proftpd.conf<\/code>.<br \/>\nL\u01b0u \u00fd: Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp\u00a0<code>DefaultRoot ~<\/code>\u00a0khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c user kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp FTP ra ngo\u00e0i th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c g\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">_ Ti\u1ebfp theo, th\u00eam\u00a0<code>\/bin\/false<\/code>\u00a0v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i file\u00a0<code>\/etc\/shells<\/code>\u00a0v\u1edbi l\u1ec7nh sau:<\/p>\n<pre># echo \"\/bin\/false\" &gt;&gt; \/etc\/shells<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o trong\u00a0<code>\/etc\/shells\/<\/code>\u00a0c\u00f3\u00a0<code>\/sbin\/nologin<\/code>\u00a0ho\u1eb7c\u00a0<code>\/bin\/false<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre>\/bin\/sh\r\n\/bin\/bash\r\n\/sbin\/nologin\r\n\/bin\/tcsh\r\n\/bin\/csh\r\n\/bin\/false<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">_ B\u1eadt ProFTPD v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea1y c\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng:<\/p>\n<pre># service proftpd start\r\n# chkconfig proftpd\u00a0on<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">_ M\u1edf port truy c\u1eadp FTP \u2013 port 21 trong thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda (iptables, firewalld, csf) c\u1ee7a VPS. M\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh CentOS s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Iptables.<\/p>\n<pre>iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT\r\nservice iptables save\r\nservice iptables restart<\/pre>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. T\u1ea1o FTP user<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">ProFTPD c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng user c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh (Local User) ho\u1eb7c user \u1ea3o d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho FTP (Virtual User). C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp Local User ho\u1eb7c Virtual User<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">2.1. Local user<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng user c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux \u2013 Local User \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp FTP Server, tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c user trong\u00a0<code>\/etc\/ftpusers<\/code>. Khi \u0111\u00f3, ProFTPD x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng\u00a0<code>mod_auth_unix<\/code><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">_ T\u1ea1o user m\u1edbi\u00a0<code>useradd<\/code>\u00a0v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><code>-g<\/code>\u00a0thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp user v\u00e0o group. Trong vnso Script, c\u00e1c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c web thu\u1ed9c group\u00a0<strong>nginx<\/strong>. \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean add user v\u00e0o group\u00a0<strong>nginx<\/strong>\u00a0v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi group owner \u2013\u00a0<strong>nginx<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><code>-s<\/code>\u00a0thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp shell \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp. Trong \u0111\u00f3, shell\u00a0<code>sbin\/nologin<\/code>\u00a0ho\u1eb7c\u00a0<code>\/bin\/false<\/code>\u00a0ch\u1eb7n truy c\u1eadp SSH. Khi \u0111\u00f3, user \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp tr\u00ean FTP, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp SSH c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li><code>-d<\/code>\u00a0thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a user.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o FTPuser\u00a0<code>vnso<\/code>\u00a0ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c\u00a0<code>\/home\/demo.vnso.vn\/<\/code>, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp SSH:<\/p>\n<pre># useradd vnso -g nginx -s \/sbin\/nologin -d \/home\/demo.vnso.vn\/<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">R\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp password cho user v\u1eeba t\u1ea1o:\u00a0<code># passwd vnso<\/code><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u01b0u \u00fd: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda user \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o:\u00a0<code># usermod -a -G nginx vnso -s \/sbin\/nologin<\/code><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">_ Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda c\u1ee7a Group Owner Nginx \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c web:<\/p>\n<pre># chmod -R g+rw \/home\/demo.vnso.vn\/<\/pre>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">2.2. Virtual User<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Virtual User l\u00e0 user \u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi FTPassWD, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean FTP (kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i user h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux). Khi \u0111\u00f3, ProFTPD x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng\u00a0<code>mod_auth_file<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.proftpd.org\/docs\/utils\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">ProFTPD Utilities<\/a>\u00a0v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf b\u00ean trong s\u1ebd gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ProFTPD. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.proftpd.org\/docs\/utils\/ftpasswd.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">ftpasswd<\/a>\u00a0d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp Virtual User. C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t:<\/p>\n<pre># yum install proftpd-utils -y<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">_ T\u1ea1o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp Virtual User:<\/p>\n<pre># mkdir \/etc\/proftpd\r\n# touch \/etc\/proftpd\/passwd \/etc\/proftpd\/group\r\n# chown -R nobody:nobody \/etc\/proftpd<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">_ Ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ProFTPD t\u1ea1i\u00a0<code>\/etc\/proftpd<\/code><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Comment (#) d\u00f2ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>AuthPAMConfig proftpd\r\nAuthOrder mod_auth_pam.c* mod_auth_unix.c<\/pre>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Ch\u00e8n xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi :<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>AuthOrder mod_auth_file.c\r\nAuthUserFile \/etc\/proftpd\/passwd\r\nAuthGroupFile \/etc\/proftpd\/group\r\nRequireValidShell off<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">R\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh restart service:\u00a0<code>service proftpd restart<\/code><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">_ T\u1ea1o user m\u1edbi (UID v\u00e0 GID b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadp t\u00f9y \u00fd s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 500)<\/p>\n<pre># ftpasswd --passwd --name=vnso --uid=1000 --gid=1000 --home=\/home\/vnso\/ --shell=\/sbin\/nologin --file=\/etc\/proftpd\/passwd\r\n\r\nftpasswd: using alternate file: \/etc\/proftpd\/passwd\r\nftpasswd: creating passwd entry for user vnso\r\nPassword: #nh\u1eadp_m\u1eadt_kh\u1ea9u\r\n<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">_ Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda v\u1edbi th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c web :<\/p>\n<pre># chmod -R o+rw \/home\/vnso\/<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u1eady l\u00e0 xong r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea5y, gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i FTP \u0111\u1ebfn server s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng account \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u1edf tr\u00ean. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Windows OS, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng File Zilla \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp. Tr\u00ean quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng Virtual User<br \/>\n<em>L\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/em>\u00a0Upload g\u1eb7p l\u1ed7i PassiveMode th\u00ec ch\u1ec9nh TransferMode sang Active (Edit \u2013 Settings \u2013 Connection \u2013 FTP \u2013 Transfer Mode)<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng khi c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lu\u00f4n sFTP. Tuy \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 transfer th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi giao th\u1ee9c FTP truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n coi tr\u1ecdng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0ProFTPD\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o FTP Server.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10852,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[206,21,17],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.3 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t FTP Server \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n tr\u00ean CentOS v\u1edbi ProFTPD<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng khi c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lu\u00f4n sFTP. 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