{"id":9925,"date":"2022-03-15T11:23:42","date_gmt":"2022-03-15T04:23:42","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-06-25T08:57:42","modified_gmt":"2024-06-25T01:57:42","slug":"ssh-la-gi-tong-hop-a-z-ve-ssh-cho-nguoi-bat-dau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vnso.vn\/en\/ssh-la-gi-tong-hop-a-z-ve-ssh-cho-nguoi-bat-dau\/","title":{"rendered":"SSH L\u00e0 G\u00ec? T\u1ed5ng H\u1ee3p A-Z V\u1ec1 SSH Cho Ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1eaft \u0110\u1ea7u"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">SHH ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c c\u0169 kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n. T\u0103ng t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<!--more--><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1. SSH l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>SSH<\/strong> <\/span>c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Secure Shell ho\u1eb7c Secure Socket Shell l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/vnso.vn\/en\/?s=SSH\">giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/strong>. Cung c\u1ea5p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 hai m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb xa. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tin t\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9209\" src=\"https:\/\/vnso.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/giao-thuc-ssh-1.jpg\" alt=\"giao-thuc-ssh\" width=\"614\" height=\"318\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>SSH bao g\u1ed3m ba l\u1edbp ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>L\u1edbp truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp:<\/strong> Giao ti\u1ebfp an to\u00e0n, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 trong v\u00e0 sau khi x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c. N\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e9n, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>L\u1edbp x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c: <\/strong>Truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>L\u1edbp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i:<\/strong> Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y sau khi x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. X\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf &#8211; \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1c k\u00eanh li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u k\u00eanh cho nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>2. SSH \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng cho SSH l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Truy c\u1eadp t\u1eeb xa:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb xa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p: <\/strong>SFTP m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p an to\u00e0n do SSH qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 thao t\u00e1c t\u1ec7p qua m\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp X11: <\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng X \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u1ed5ng:<\/strong>\u00a0B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng t\u1eeb xa c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. SSH gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 TCP\/IP.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m: <\/strong>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u an to\u00e0n. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n. B\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf VPN ti\u1ec7n d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng: <\/strong>Giao th\u1ee9c SSH qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>3. SSH ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch &#8211; m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng tin ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch) k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c (m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 qua Secure Shell, m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng TCP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Qua \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng, ch\u1edd m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t l\u1ec7nh SSH. N\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>3.1. Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh sau tr\u00ean m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ssh UserName@SSHserver.example.com<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 t\u00ean server.example.com. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng UserName ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc v\u1edbi d\u1ea5u v\u00e2n tay kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb xa. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The authenticity of host &#8216;sample.ssh.com&#8217; cannot be established.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">DSA key fingerprint is 01:23:45:67:89:ab:cd:ef:ff:fe:dc:ba:98:76:54:32:10.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes\/no)?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00f3 v\u1edbi l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn phi\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong t\u1ec7p known_hosts c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p \u1ea9n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef theo m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u1ea9n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \/.ssh\/known_hosts, trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Khi kh\u00f3a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong t\u1ec7p known_hosts, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t n\u00e0o, ph\u00edm m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>3.2. Tri\u1ec3n khai SSH<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">SSH l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c m\u1edf n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai OpenSSH m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean Linux, Unix v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 macOS c\u1ee7a Apple.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">OpenSSH \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1ea1y trong Windows PowerShell b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2015. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2018, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 OpenSSH t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o Windows 10. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 SSH c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp theo m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh gi\u1ed1ng Unix. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n OpenSSH \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Microsoft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong Windows \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">PuTTY l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec3n khai m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Secure Shell. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n cho Windows, MacOS v\u00e0 Unix \/ BSD. PuTTY ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean Windows.T\u1eeb l\u00e2u n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSH tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Windows.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 Secure Shell bao g\u1ed3m ba ti\u1ec7n \u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">slogin (\u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp an to\u00e0n)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ssh<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">scp (b\u1ea3n sao an to\u00e0n)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch Unix kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3: Rlogin, rsh v\u00e0 rcp.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">SSH s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1eeb xa. Cho ph\u00e9p m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1eeb xa x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec3n khai SSH, c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n cho c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang theo nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>3.3. L\u1ec7nh SSH<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Trong khi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a <em><strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/thuemaychudell.com\/\">Secure Shell<\/a><\/strong><\/em>, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh. T\u1ef1 ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch ho\u1eb7c ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn l\u1ec7nh SSH.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">D\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh SSH l\u00e0 g\u1ecdi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 Giao th\u1ee9c Internet (IP):<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ssh server.example.org<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Thao t\u00e1c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00edch server.example.org. M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1eafc nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u cho ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n m\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 jsmith, th\u00ec m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb xa s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n jsmith tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb xa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb xa s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ID ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb xa, nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ssh remote_host_userID@server.example.org<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">SSH c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh duy nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb xa v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 tho\u00e1t, v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ssh example.org ls<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ec7nh Unix ls, li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb xa. Ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng Secure Shell c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh th\u00fa v\u1ecb h\u01a1n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb xa. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. S\u1ebd c\u1ea5p cho m\u00e1y t\u1eeb xa quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p duy nh\u1ea5t. Ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 sau khi t\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp b\u1edfi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb xa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ngo\u00e0i t\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c thi ssh, SSH c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c thi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 sung, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>sshd: <\/strong>Kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 SSH, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH \u0111\u1ebfn. Cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>ssh-keygen:<\/strong> L\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o c\u1eb7p kh\u00f3a x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1edbi cho SSH. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp, tri\u1ec3n khai SSO v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>ssh-copy-id: <\/strong>L\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 sao ch\u00e9p, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u00f3a SSH tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 SSO kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>ssh-agent: <\/strong>L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee5m m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 SSH l\u1ea5y kh\u00f3a m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c nhau. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u n\u00ean thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho b\u1ea1n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>ssh-add:<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam kh\u00f3a v\u00e0o t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi ssh-agent \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai SSO b\u1eb1ng SSH.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>scp:<\/strong> L\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 sao ch\u00e9p t\u1ec7p t\u1eeb m\u00e1y n\u00e0y sang m\u00e1y kh\u00e1c. L\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n rcp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng Secure Shell.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>sftp:<\/strong> L\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 sao ch\u00e9p t\u1ec7p t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y sang m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ftp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng SSH, giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p g\u1ed1c. SFTP \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u01b0a th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb t\u1ec7p qua internet. Thay th\u1ebf cho c\u1ea3 FTP v\u00e0 FTP \/ S (FTP Secure). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng FTP qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m SSL \/ TLS.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 SSH m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i. Hy v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi m\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 SSH.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SHH ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c c\u0169 kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n. T\u0103ng t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11710,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[206,21],"tags":[216,217],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.3 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>SSH l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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